According to the Pan Arab Research Center (PARC), telecom companies make up four of the five top-spending advertisers during the holy month of Ramadan. Etisalat Egypt, Zain, Mobinil and Mobily spent almost US$200 million (Dh734.5m) during Ramadan last year. PARC figures do not take into account discounted or free advertising, but provide a benchmark for this year's Ramadan spending.